Yog tias koj tau them tus nqi ntawm lub tsev steel, tej zaum koj yuav tau khiav mus rau hauv ib phab ntsa ntawm cov ntsiab lus: Kuv -beams, purlins, gusset plates, girts. Cov duab kos qhia cov duab thiab cov ntawv, tab sis lawv feem ntau tsis piav qhia tias txhua feem yog dab tsi, nws ua haujlwm li cas, lossis nws txuas mus rau tus ncej tas li. Qhov sib txawv ntawd yog qhov ua rau cov quotes nyuaj los sib piv thiab txiav txim siab nyuaj dua.
Cov lus qhia no suav nrog peb yam: cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov qauv steel, cov haujlwm txhua yam ua tau, thiab yuav ua li cas tag nrho cov khoom no ua haujlwm ua ke ua ib qho system. Thaum kawg, koj yuav tsum tuaj yeem saib cov duab kos lub tsev steel thiab paub tseeb tias koj tab tom saib dab tsi.
Dab tsi yog Cheebtsam ntawm Ib Lub Tsev Hlau?
Steel qauv Cheebtsam yog tus kheej qhov chaw uas tsim cov ncej, lub hnab ntawv, thiab kev sib txuas ntawm ib lub tsev steel. Cov neeg nyob rau hauv kev lag luam kuj hu cov steel tsev Cheebtsam los yog steel tsev qhov chaw, thiab cov ntsiab lus txhais tau tias tib yam. Txhua feem muaj ib hom thiab muaj nuj nqi. Qee tus nqa hnyav, qee qhov tiv taus cua, thiab qee qhov cia dej tawm.
Cov khoom no poob rau hauv plaub pawg: thawj framing, theem nrab framing, lub tsev lub hnab ntawv, thiab kev sib txuas. Cov ntu hauv qab no suav nrog cov hom hauv txhua pab pawg, kev ua haujlwm txhua hom ua, thiab yuav ua li cas cov pab pawg txuas mus rau ib qho kev ua haujlwm.
Plaub hom Steel Tsev Cheebtsam
Thaum koj saib cov lus hais hauv tsev steel, cov kab khoom feem ntau txheeb ua plaub pawg, txawm tias tus neeg muag khoom tsis tau sau lawv li ntawd. Ib pawg npog lub ntsiab ncej. Ib qho npog cov kev txhawb nqa uas khi tus ncej ua ke. Ib qho npog cov panels thiab rwb thaiv tsev uas ua kom huab cua tawm. Thiab ib tug npog cov bolts, daim hlau, thiab kho vajtse uas tuav txhua yam nyob rau hauv qhov chaw.
Nov yog luv luv version:
- Primary framing:Lub ntsiab qauv. Cov kab, rafters, thiab kuv- kab teeb nqa cov khoom thauj ntau.
- Secondary framing:Txhawb nqa uas khi tus ncej ua ke. Purlins, girts, thiab bracing tuav cov duab thiab tiv thaiv cua.
- Lub tsev hnab ntawv:Sab nrauv npog. ru tsev panels, phab ntsa panels, thiab rwb thaiv tsev tiv thaiv huab cua.
- Kev sib txuas thiab fasteners:Kho vajtse. Gusset daim hlau, bolts, thiab lub hauv paus phaj tuav txhua qhov chaw.
Txhua pawg nyob ntawm ib qho hauv qab no. Lub thav duab muaj zog nrog kev sib txuas tsis muaj zog tseem ua tsis tiav, thiab lub hnab ntawv zoo qhwv nyob ib puag ncig tus ncej tsis zoo yuav tsis kav mus ib txhis. Thaum koj tuaj yeem txheeb cov lus tsocai rau hauv plaub pawg no, cov ntaub ntawv tau yooj yim nyeem ntau heev.
Primary Framing: Lub Main Load-Cov Kabmob
Primary framing yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub tsev. Nws nqa lub ntsiab loads thiab xa lawv mus rau lub hauv paus.
Cov kab sawv ntsug thiab nqa qhov hnyav ntawm lub ru tsev thiab cov plag tsev saum lawv. Lawv qhov sib txawv teeb tsa qhov chaw qhib hauv pem teb hauv lub tsev, yog li qhov dav dav dav dav dav txhais tau tias thaj chaw qhib ntau dua, tab sis nws kuj nce nqi ntawm txhua kab.
Rafters hla saum lub tsev thiab txhawb lub ru tsev. Lawv so ntawm cov kab thiab nqa lub ru tsev loads xws li daus, cua, thiab qhov hnyav ntawm lub ru tsev panels lawv tus kheej.
Kuv -beamstau lawv lub npe los ntawm lawv cov duab, uas zoo li tsab ntawv kuv thaum koj saib nws kawg -rau. Cov duab ntawd tso cov khoom siv ntau dua rau saum thiab hauv qab flanges, qhov twg khoov kev ntxhov siab ua haujlwm siab tshaj, thiab tsawg dua hauv nruab nrab lub vev xaib, qhov twg cov hlau tsis ua haujlwm ntau npaum li cas. Qhov tshwm sim yog lub nqaj muaj zog uas siv cov hlau uas nws suav tau tiag tiag. Cov tsev hlau feem ntau siv dav - flange beams, ib hom I-beam nrog flanges dav dua li cov qauv qub.
Rau cov neeg yuav khoom, qhov kev txiav txim siab tseem ceeb ua rau tus nqi thiab kev ua haujlwm tib lub sijhawm. Cov spans loj dua thiab hnyav dua hu rau cov kab teeb loj thiab kab, yog li ua ntej koj kos npe rau ntawm tus qauv tsim, nws tsim nyog nug seb qhov sib nrug ntawm kab cuam tshuam li cas rau koj cov phiaj xwm hauv pem teb thiab txhua qhov kev hloov pauv uas koj xav tau hauv txoj kev.
Secondary Framing: Txhawb Lub Ncej Ncej
Secondary framing ua rau lub qhov khoob ntawm lub hauv paus ncej thiab tuav lub tsev zoo li qub.
Purlins khiav hla saum cov rafters thiab txhawb nqa lub ru tsev panels. Lawv qhov sib txawv teeb tsa ntau npaum li cas lub ru tsev tuaj yeem nqa tau, suav nrog cov daus thiab ko taw tsheb thaum lub sijhawm tu.
Girts ua tib txoj haujlwm ntawm cov phab ntsa, khiav ntawm txhua kab los tuav cov phab ntsa hauv qhov chaw.
Bracing ua kom lub tsev tsis txhob swaying los yog twist nyob rau hauv cua los yog seismic quab yuam. X-bracing siv hla steel rods los yog lub kaum sab xis ntawm txhua kab, thaum lub portal thav duab cia siab rau cov kab nrib pleb - mus rau -kem pob qij txha es tsis txhob ntawm kab pheeb ces kaum bracing, uas ua rau qhib kom meej rau lub qhov rooj thiab qhov rais.
Cov kev xaiv thib ob tseem ceeb tshaj qhov lawv zoo li thaum xub thawj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov phiaj xwm yav tom ntej. Phab ntsa qhib, mezzanines, thiab cov khoom siv mounts tag nrho nyob ntawm seb qhov twg girts thiab purlins zaum, yog li yog tias koj xav txog kev nthuav dav tom qab, nws tsim nyog tsa qhov ntawd nrog koj tus neeg muag khoom tam sim no es tsis yog tom qab tus ncej nce mus.
Cov khoom sib txuas: Gusset Phaj thiab Fasteners
Kev sib txuas tuav lub thav duab ua ke ntawm txhua qhov sib koom ua ke, thiab ib lub thav duab tsuas yog muaj zog npaum li nws qhov kev sib txuas tsis muaj zog.
Gusset daim hlau yog cov phaj hlau tiaj tus uas koom nrog ob lossis ntau tus tswv cuab ntawm ib qho chaw, xws li qhov chaw ntawm lub nqaj sib ntsib los yog qhov twg cov tswv cuab truss hla. Lub phaj kis tau cov load hla qhov sib koom ua ke es tsis txhob cia nws mloog zoo ntawm ib qho chaw me me. Yog tsis muaj lub phaj gusset kom zoo, ib qho kev sib koom ua ke tuaj yeem tawg lossis ua tsis tau zoo ua ntej cov kab teeb lawv tus kheej ncav cuag lawv qhov txwv.
Kev sib txuas feem ntau tuaj ua ob hom. Bolted kev sib txuas mus ua ke nyob rau hauv lub tshav pob, nqi tsawg rau nruab, tsis xav tau ib tug welder rau ntawm qhov chaw, thiab tso cai rau yooj yim soj ntsuam tom qab, vim xoob bolts yog pom thiab yooj yim kho. Welded kev sib txuas muab kev sib txuas ua ke tsis tu ncua; lawv feem ntau raug nqi ntau dua hauv kev ua haujlwm thiab xav tau ib tus kws kho mob uas muaj ntawv pov thawj, tab sis lawv tuaj yeem nqa cov khoom uas bolts ib leeg ua tsis tau.
Lub hauv paus daim hlau zaum hauv qab ntawm txhua kab thiab nthuav nws cov load hla ib cheeb tsam dav ntawm lub hauv paus, thaum thauj tog rau nkoj bolts khiav los ntawm lub hauv paus phaj rau hauv pob zeb los tuav lub kem nyob rau hauv qhov chaw.
Thaum koj tshuaj xyuas cov lus tsocai, nws yuav pab xyuas seb qhov kev sib txuas puas yog bolted, welded, lossis qee qhov sib xyaw ntawm ob qho tib si, vim tias qhov kev xaiv no cuam tshuam rau koj lub sijhawm tsim, koj cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau ua, thiab koj qhov kev saib xyuas hauv kab.
Tsev Cov Khoom Siv Lub Hnab
Lub hnab ntawv yog yam uas tib neeg feem ntau pom ua ntej, thiab nws tseem yog qhov ua rau sab hauv lub tsev siv tau.
Lub ru tsev thiab phab ntsa panels tuaj nyob rau hauv ob peb profiles, xws li sawv seam thiab corrugated. Cov kab nrib pleb sawv ntsug tau tsa cov seams uas zais cov fasteners, uas ua rau lub ntsej muag huv si thiab feem ntau siv lub neej ntev dua, thaum cov corrugated panels raug nqi tsawg dua thiab nce nrawm dua, txawm hais tias cov fasteners nyob ntawm qhov chaw.
Steel tsev rwb thaiv tsevkhaws cov cua sov thaum lub caij ntuj no thiab tawm thaum lub caij ntuj sov, thiab nws tseem ua lub luag haujlwm hauv kev ua kom tau raws li cov cai hauv zos, yog li nws tsim nyog xyuas koj cov phiaj xwm rwb thaiv tsev tiv thaiv cov cai ua ntej koj ua tiav qhov tsim.
Trim, flashing, thiab kaw qhov khoob qhov chaw sib ntsib, ntawm cov ces kaum, eaves, thiab qhov rooj qhib. Cov khoom no zoo li me me rau ntawm daim ntawv tab sis tseem ceeb heev hauv kev xyaum: lub tsev uas muaj zog framing thiab tsis zoo luas tseem yuav xau. Cov neeg yuav khoom feem ntau underestimate tus nqi no, yog li nws yog tsim nyog nug koj tus neeg muag khoom rau tag nrho cov nqi ntawm cov khoom siv rau pem hauv ntej es tsis txhob ntawm qhov kev kwv yees.
Cov Cheebtsam no ua haujlwm li cas
Txhua feem ntawm lub tsev steel zaum qhov chaw ntawm txoj kev thauj khoom, txoj kev uas nqa lub zog ntawm lub ru tsev mus rau hauv av.
Ntawm no yog yuav ua li cas nws plays tawm nyob rau hauv xyaum. Cov daus daus tsaws rau ntawm lub ru tsev vaj huam sib luag, uas dhau mus rau lub purlins hauv qab nws. Cov purlins nqa nws mus rau lub rafters, cov rafters xa nws los ntawm txhua kab, thiab cov kab hla nws mus rau lub hauv paus daim hlau thiab, thaum kawg, mus rau hauv lub hauv paus.
Ntawm txhua kauj ruam raws txoj kev, ib qho kev sib txuas hloov cov load ntawm ib feem mus rau lwm qhov. Tias yog vim li cas gusset daim hlau thiab bolted los yog welded pob qij txha tseem ceeb npaum li cov kab teeb lawv tus kheej. Ib qho kev sib txuas tsis muaj zog nyob txhua qhov chaw hauv cov saw hlau ua rau tag nrho cov qauv muaj kev pheej hmoo, txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav ua tau zoo npaum li cas.
Xaiv cov Cheebtsam zoo rau koj qhov project
A steel qauv tsevyog ib tug ua tiav system, tsis yog ib tug sau los ntawm cais qhov chaw. Thaum koj nkag siab tias cov khoom no ua haujlwm ua ke li cas, cov lus hais lossis cov qauv tsim yuav tsis zoo li cov npe ntawm cov ntsiab lus tsis meej pem lawm.
Ua ntej mus rau pem hauv ntej nrog lub tsev tsim khoom steel, xyuas kom tseeb tias koj tshuaj xyuas cov khoom suav nrog, kev tsim qauv, thiab seb lub kaw lus puas haum rau koj qhov project xav tau. Lub tsev zoo-tsim steel tsim pib nrog xaiv cov khoom tsim nyog rau txoj haujlwm.
FAQ
Dab tsi yog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm steel qauv?
Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm cov qauv hlau muaj xws li cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb (kem thiab kab teeb), theem nrab (purlins thiab girts), bracing systems, lub tsev lub hnab ntawv (ru tsev thiab phab ntsa panels, rwb thaiv tsev), thiab kev sib txuas xws li bolts thiab cov phaj hauv paus.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm I-beam thiab lwm yam kab teeb duab?
Ib qho I-beam muaj tus ntoo khaub lig- seem zoo li tsab ntawv kuv, nrog dav flanges nyob rau sab saum toj thiab hauv qab thiab ib lub vas sab hauv nruab nrab. Cov duab ntawd tiv thaiv kev khoov zoo thiab siv cov hlau tsawg dua li lub teeb duab plaub ntawm tib lub zog.
Puas yog purlins thiab girts tib yam?
Tsis heev. Purlins txhawb lub ru tsev, girts txhawb cov phab ntsa, thiab thaum ob qho tib si yog cov tswv cuab theem nrab uas tuav cov vaj huam sib luag nyob rau hauv qhov chaw, lawv zaum hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub tsev.